{"id":1113,"date":"2024-01-03T17:24:10","date_gmt":"2024-01-03T08:24:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koad-hiroshima.net\/?p=1113"},"modified":"2024-01-11T12:50:19","modified_gmt":"2024-01-11T03:50:19","slug":"%e5%ad%90%e3%81%a9%e3%82%82%e3%81%ae%e6%a8%a9%e5%88%a9%e5%a7%94%e5%93%a1%e4%bc%9a%e3%81%ae%e6%9c%80%e7%b5%82%e6%89%80%e8%a6%8b%ef%bc%88%e7%ac%ac%ef%bc%94%e5%9b%9e%e3%83%bb%e7%ac%ac%ef%bc%95%e5%9b%9e-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/koad-hiroshima.net\/?p=1113","title":{"rendered":"\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u6240\u898b\uff08\u7b2c\uff14\u56de\u30fb\u7b2c\uff15\u56de\uff09\u306b\u3088\u308b\u65e5\u672c\u3078\u306e\u63a8\u5968"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\uff12\uff10\uff11\uff19\u5e74\uff13\u6708\uff15\u65e5\u306b\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u5831\u544a\u66f8\uff08\u7b2c\uff14\u56de\u53ca\u3073\u7b2c\uff15\u56de\uff09\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u56fd\u9023\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u6240\u898b\u304c\u767a\u8868\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u539f\u6587\uff08\u82f1\u6587\uff09\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089<\/a>\u304b\u3089\u3054\u53c2\u7167\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7b2c\uff13\u7ae0\u3092\u3001\u82f1\u6587\u3068\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u8a33\u3092\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3057\u3064\u3064\u63a8\u5968\u4e8b\u9805\u3092\u5217\u6319\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

III.Main areas of concern and recommendations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u61f8\u5ff5\u3068\u7763\u4fc3\u30fb\u63a8\u5968<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

5.The Committee recommends<\/strong> that the State party ensure the realization of children\u2019s rights in accordance with the Convention, the Optional Protocol on the involvement of children in armed conflict and the Optional Protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography throughout the process of implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. It also urges<\/strong> the State party to ensure the meaningful participation of children in the design and implementation of policies and programmes aimed at achieving all 17 Sustainable Development Goals as far as they concern children.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. \u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306f\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u30012030\u30a2\u30b8\u30a7\u30f3\u30c0 – \u6301\u7d9a\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u958b\u767a\u76ee\u6a19\uff08SDGs\uff09\u306e\u5b9f\u65bd\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u6761\u7d04\u3001\u6b66\u529b\u7d1b\u4e89\u3078\u306e\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u95a2\u4e0e\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u4efb\u610f\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u58f2\u8cb7\u3001\u5150\u7ae5\u8cb7\u6625\u3001\u5150\u7ae5\u30dd\u30eb\u30ce\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u4efb\u610f\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u306b\u306e\u3063\u3068\u308a\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u306e\u5b9f\u73fe\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u63a8\u5968\u3059\u308b<\/strong>\u3002\u307e\u305f\u56fd\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u5168\u3066\u306e17\u306e\u6301\u7d9a\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u958b\u767a\u76ee\u6a19\u306e\u9054\u6210\u3092\u76ee\u6307\u3057\u305f\u653f\u7b56\u3068\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u7b56\u5b9a\u3068\u5b9f\u65bd\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u610f\u7fa9\u3042\u308b\u53c2\u52a0\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7763\u4fc3\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A.General measures of implementation (arts. 4, 42 and 44 (6))<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5b9f\u65bd\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u63aa\u7f6e(\u6761\u65874\u300142\u300144(6))<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Reservations<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u7559\u4fdd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

6. The Committee, in line with its previous recommendations (CRC\/C\/JPN\/CO\/3, para. 10), recommends that the State party consider withdrawing its reservation to article 37 (c), which constitutes an obstacle to the full application of the Convention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306f\u7b2c\uff13\u56de\u6700\u7d42\u6240\u898b\u306e\u63a8\u5968(CRC\/C\/JPN\/CO\/3\u3001\u30d1\u30e910)\u306b\u6cbf\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6761\u7d04\u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u9069\u7528\u306e\u969c\u5bb3\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7b2c37\u6761(c)\u3078\u306e\u7559\u4fdd\u3092\u64a4\u56de\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u63a8\u5968\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Legislation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6cd5\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

7. \u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u304b\u3089\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u306e\u6539\u6b63\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306b\u7559\u610f\u3057\u3064\u3064\u3001\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306f\u5f37\u304f\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u306a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3092\u5236\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u6cd5\u5236\u5ea6\u3092\u6761\u7d04\u306e\u539f\u5247\u304a\u3088\u3073\u898f\u5b9a\u306b\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u8abf\u548c\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u63aa\u7f6e\u3092\u53d6\u308b\u3088\u3046\u63a8\u5968\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Comprehensive policy and strategy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u306a\u653f\u7b56\u3068\u6226\u7565<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

8. The Committee recommends<\/strong> that the State party develop a comprehensive child protection policy that encompasses all areas covered by the Convention and ensures coordination and complementarity among government entities, and also a comprehensive implementation strategy for the policy, supported by sufficient human, technical and financial resources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u6761\u7d04\u3067\u30ab\u30d0\u30fc\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u3092\u5305\u542b\u3057\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u6a5f\u95a2\u306e\u9593\u306e\u8abf\u6574\u3068\u88dc\u5b8c\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u306a\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u4fdd\u8b77\u653f\u7b56\u3092\u958b\u767a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u653f\u7b56\u3092\u5341\u5206\u306a\u4eba\u7684\u3001\u6280\u8853\u7684\u3001\u8ca1\u653f\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\u3067\u652f\u3048\u3064\u3064\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u306b\u5b9f\u65bd\u306b\u79fb\u3059\u6226\u7565\u3092\u7acb\u3066\u308b\u3088\u3046\u63a8\u5968\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Coordination<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8abf\u6574<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

9. The Committee reiterates its previous recommendation ( ibid., para. 14) that the State party establish an appropriate coordinating body with a clear mandate and sufficient authority to coordinate all activities related to the implementation of the Convention at the cross-sectoral, national, regional and local levels, as well as evaluation and monitoring mechanisms targeting all children and areas of the Convention. The State party should ensure that such a coordinating body is provided with the necessary human, technical and financial resources for its effective operation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

9. \u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306f\u3001\u7b2c\uff13\u56de\u6700\u7d42\u6240\u898b\u3067\u3082\u884c\u3063\u305f\u304c(\u8abf\u6574\u306e\u30d1\u30e914) \u3001\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u6761\u7d04\u306e\u5b9f\u65bd\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u5168\u3066\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u3092\u56fd\u969b\u3001\u5730\u57df\u3001\u53ca\u3073\u5730\u65b9\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u6a2a\u65ad\u7684\u306b\u8abf\u6574\u3059\u308b\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u4efb\u52d9\u3068\u5341\u5206\u306a\u6a29\u9650\u3092\u6301\u3064\u9069\u5207\u306a\u8abf\u6574\u6a5f\u95a2\u3092\u8a2d\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u63a8\u5968\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8abf\u6574\u6a5f\u95a2\u306f\u3053\u306e\u6761\u7d04\u306e\u5168\u3066\u306e\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u3068\u5206\u91ce\u3092\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a55\u4fa1\u3068\u76e3\u8996\u306e\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3066\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3053\u306e\u8abf\u6574\u6a5f\u95a2\u306b\u306f\u3001\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u306a\u904b\u55b6\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u4eba\u7684\u3001\u6280\u8853\u7684\u3001\u8ca1\u653f\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Allocation of resources<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

10. In view of the fact that the relative child poverty rate has remained high over the past few years, and recalling its general comment No. 19 (2016) on public budgeting for the realization of children \u2019 s rights, the Committee strongly recommends that the State party set up a budgeting process that includes a child-rights perspective, specifies clear allocations to children, and includes specific indicators and a tracking system to monitor and evaluate the adequacy, efficacy and equitability of the distribution of resources allocated for implementation of the Convention, including by:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) Developing detailed budget lines and codes for all planned, enacted, revised and actual expenditures that directly affect children ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) Using budget classification systems that allow expenditures related to the rights of the child to be reported , tracked and analysed;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) Ensuring that the fluctuation or reduction in budget allocations for the delivery of services does not reduce the existing level of enjoyment of children \u2019 s rights ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(d) Allocating adequate resources for implementing the \u201c Outline for the Promotion of the Development of and Support for Children and Young People \u201d .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

10. \u904e\u53bb\u6570\u5e74\u9593\u3001\u76f8\u5bfe\u7684\u306a\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u8ca7\u56f0\u7387\u304c\u9ad8\u6b62\u307e\u308a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8e0f\u307e\u3048\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u5b9f\u73fe\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u516c\u7684\u4e88\u7b97\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u4e00\u822c\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u7b2c19\u53f7(2016\u5e74)\u3092\u60f3\u8d77\u3057\u3001\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306f\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u306e\u8996\u70b9\u3092\u542b\u307f\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u3078\u306e\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u8cc7\u6e90\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u3068\u6307\u6a19\u3084\u8ffd\u8de1\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u542b\u3080\u4e88\u7b97\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5f37\u304f\u63a8\u5968\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u6761\u7d04\u306e\u5b9f\u65bd\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u3089\u308c\u305f\u8cc7\u6e90\u306e\u914d\u5206\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u3001\u6709\u52b9\u6027\u3001\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u3092\u30e2\u30cb\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306b\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u4e8b\u9805\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) \u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u8a08\u753b\u3001\u6210\u7acb\u3001\u6539\u5b9a\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u652f\u51fa\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8a73\u7d30\u306a\u4e88\u7b97\u7dda\u3068\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u958b\u767a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) \u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u652f\u51fa\u3092\u5831\u544a\u3001\u8ffd\u8de1\u3001\u5206\u6790\u3067\u304d\u308b\u4e88\u7b97\u5206\u985e\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) \u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u4e88\u7b97\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u306e\u5909\u52d5\u3084\u524a\u6e1b\u304c\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u306e\u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u4eab\u53d7\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3092\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3055\u305b\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

(d) \u300c\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u30fb\u82e5\u8005\u80b2\u6210\u652f\u63f4\u63a8\u9032\u5927\u7db1\u300d\u306e\u5b9f\u65bd\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5341\u5206\u306a\u8cc7\u6e90\u3092\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Data collection<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8cc7\u6e90\u306e\u914d\u5206<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

11. While noting the data-collection efforts by the State party, the Committee also notes that gaps still exist. Recalling its general comment No. 5 (2003) on general measures of implementation of the Convention, the Committee recommends that the State party improve its data-collection system in all areas of the Convention, particularly in the areas of child poverty, violence against children, and early childhood care and development, with data disaggregated by age, sex, disability, geographic location, ethnic origin and socioeconomic background, and that it use the data for policy design and programming.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Independent monitoring<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u30e2\u30cb\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

12. While noting that 33 ombudsperson units for children have been established at the local level, these units reportedly lack independence, with regard to financial and human resources, and remedy mechanisms. The Committee recommends that the State party take measures to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) Expeditiously establish an independent mechanism for monitoring human rights, including a specific mechanism for monitoring children \u2019 s rights that is able to receive, investigate and address complaints by children in a child-sensitive manner;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) Ensure the independence of such a monitoring mechanism, including with regard to its funding, mandate and immunities, so as to ensure full compliance with the principles relating to the status of national institutions for the promotion and protection of human rights (the Paris Principles).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dissemination, awareness-raising and training<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u666e\u53ca\u3001\u610f\u8b58\u5411\u4e0a\u3001\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

13. Recognizing the efforts made by the State party to carry out awareness-raising programmes and children \u2019 s rights campaigns, the Committee recommends that the State party:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) Broaden the dissemination of information on the Convention, particularly among children and parents but also to legislators and judges to ensure the application of the Convention in the legislative and judicial processes ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) Periodically conduct specific training sessions on the Convention and the Optional Protocols for all persons working for and with children, including teachers, judges, lawyers, investigating officers at family courts, social workers, law enforcement officials, media professionals, civil servants and government officials at all levels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cooperation with civil society<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5e02\u6c11\u793e\u4f1a\u3068\u306e\u5354\u529b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

14. While welcoming the meeting and exchange of opinions with civil society in the process of preparing the State party \u2019 s report, the Committee recommends that the State party strengthen its cooperation with civil society and involve civil society organizations systematically throughout all stages of the implementation of the Convention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Children\u2019s rights and the business sector<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

15. Recalling its general comment No. 16 (2013) on State obligations regarding the impact of the business sector on children \u2019 s rights and the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, endorsed by the Human Rights Council in 2011, the Committee recommends that the State party:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) When developing the national action plan on business and human rights, ensure that children \u2019 s rights are integrated and that companies are required to carry out periodic child-rights impact assessments and consultations and to disclose fully and publicly the environmental, health-related and human rights impact of their business activities and their plans to address such an impact;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) Adopt and implement regulations to hold the business sector accountable for complying with international standards, including on labour and the environment, that are relevant to children \u2019 s rights;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) Undertake awareness-raising campaigns in collaboration with the tourism industry, media and advertising companies, the entertainment industry and the public at large on the prevention of sexual exploitation of children in the context of travel and tourism;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(d) Widely disseminate the World Tourism Organization Global Code of Ethics for Tourism among travel agents and in the tourism industry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B.Definition of the child (art. 1)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

16. While noting the revision of the Civil Code that sets the minimum age of marriage at 18 years for both women and men, the Committee regrets that it will take effect only in 2022 and recommends that, in the meantime, the State party take interim measures necessary to completely eliminate child marriage in line with the State party \u2019 s obligations under the Convention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C.General principles (arts. 2, 3, 6 and 12)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C.\u4e00\u822c\u539f\u5247\uff08\u6761\u65872\u30013\u30016\u300112\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Non-discrimination<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u975e\u5dee\u5225<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

18. The Committee urges<\/strong> the State party to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) Enact comprehensive anti-discrimination legislation ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) Repeal all provisions that discriminate against children on any basis, including those that relate to the status of children born to unmarried parents ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) Strengthen the measures, including awareness-raising programmes, campaigns and human-rights education, to reduce and prevent discrimination in practice, particularly against children belonging to ethnic minorities, including Ainu people, children of Buraku people, children of non-Japanese origin, such as Korean, children of migrant workers, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex children, children born outside marriage and children with disabilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

18. \u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306f\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u884c\u3046\u3088\u3046\u7763\u4fc3\u3059\u308b<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a)\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u306a\u53cd\u5dee\u5225\u6cd5\u4ee4\u3092\u5236\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b)\u672a\u5a5a\u306e\u89aa\u304b\u3089\u751f\u307e\u308c\u305f\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u5730\u4f4d\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u3001\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u6839\u62e0\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5dee\u5225\u898f\u5b9a\u3092\u5168\u3066\u64a4\u5ec3\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c)\u30a2\u30a4\u30cc\u306e\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u3084\u90e8\u843d\u51fa\u8eab\u306e\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u3001\u97d3\u56fd\u30fb\u671d\u9bae\u4eba\u306e\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u3084\u79fb\u4f4f\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u306e\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u3001LGBTI\u306e\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u3001\u5a5a\u5916\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u3001\u969c\u5bb3\u306e\u3042\u308b\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306a\u3069\u3001\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u8005\u306b\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5dee\u5225\u3092\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u6e1b\u3089\u3057\u4e88\u9632\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5553\u767a\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3001\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30da\u30fc\u30f3\u3001\u4eba\u6a29\u6559\u80b2\u306a\u3069\u306e\u63aa\u7f6e\u3092\u5f37\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Right to life, survival and development<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u751f\u547d\u3001\u751f\u5b58\u53ca\u3073\u767a\u9054\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6a29\u5229<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

20. The Committee recalls its previous recommendation (CRC\/C\/JPN\/CO\/3, para. 42) and urges<\/strong> the State party to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) Take measures to ensure that children enjoy their childhood, without their childhood and development being harmed by the competitive nature of society;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) Research the root causes for suicide among children, implement preventive measures and equip schools with social workers and psychological consultation services ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) Ensure that children \u2019 s facilities adhere to appropriate minimum safety standards and introduce automatic, independent and public reviews of unexpected death or serious injury involving children ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(d) Strengthen targeted measures to prevent traffic, school and domestic accidents and ensure appropriate response, including steps to ensure road safety, the provision of safety and first-aid training and the expansion of paediatric emergency care.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

20. \u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306f\u3001\u7b2c\uff13\u56de\u306e\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u52e7\u544a(CRC\/C\/JPN\/CO\/3, para. 42)\u3092\u60f3\u8d77\u3057\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u884c\u3046\u3088\u3046\u7763\u4fc3\u3059\u308b<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) \u793e\u4f1a\u306e\u7af6\u4e89\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u305d\u306e\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u6642\u4ee3\u3068\u767a\u9054\u304c\u5bb3\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u304c\u697d\u3057\u3081\u308b\u3088\u3046\u63aa\u7f6e\u3092\u53d6\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) \u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u81ea\u6bba\u306e\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u3092\u7814\u7a76\u3057\u3001\u4e88\u9632\u7b56\u3092\u5b9f\u65bd\u3057\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u306b\u30b9\u30af\u30fc\u30eb\u30bd\u30fc\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u30ef\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u3084\u5fc3\u7406\u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30bb\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) \u5b50\u3069\u3082\u95a2\u9023\u65bd\u8a2d\u304c\u9069\u5207\u306a\u6700\u4f4e\u9650\u306e\u5b89\u5168\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u9806\u5b88\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u3092\u5dfb\u304d\u8fbc\u3080\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e8b\u6545\u3084\u91cd\u50b7\u4e8b\u6545\u3092\u81ea\u52d5\u7684\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u3001\u516c\u7684\u306b\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(d) \u4ea4\u901a\u4e8b\u6545\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u3084\u5bb6\u5ead\u5185\u3067\u306e\u4e8b\u6545\u3092\u9632\u6b62\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5bfe\u7b56\u3092\u5f37\u5316\u3057\u3001\u9053\u8def\u306e\u5b89\u5168\u78ba\u4fdd\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u30fb\u5fdc\u6025\u624b\u5f53\u3066\u306e\u8a13\u7df4\u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u3001\u5c0f\u5150\u6551\u6025\u533b\u7642\u306e\u62e1\u5145\u306a\u3069\u3001\u9069\u5207\u306a\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Respect for the views of the child<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u610f\u898b\u306e\u5c0a\u91cd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

22. Recalling its general comment No. 12 (2009) on the right of the child to be heard, the Committee urges<\/strong> the State party to assure to any child who is able to form views the right to freely express those views, without age limitations, in all matters affecting the child, and that due weight be given to the child \u2019 s views, while providing safeguards against intimidation and punishment of a child. It further recommends that the State party provide an environment that enables the child to exercise her or his right to be heard and actively promote meaningful and empowered participation of all children in the family, schools, alternative care and health and medical settings, judicial and administrative proceedings concerning them and the local community, and on all relevant issues, including environmental matters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

22. \u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u610f\u898b\u7b2c12\u53f7(\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u304c\u8074\u304b\u308c\u308b\u6a29\u5229)\u3092\u60f3\u8d77\u3057\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u5168\u3066\u306e\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u304c\u3001\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u5168\u3066\u306e\u4e8b\u9805\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5e74\u9f62\u306e\u5236\u9650\u306a\u304f\u81ea\u7531\u306b\u60f3\u3044\u3084\u9858\u3044\u3092\u8868\u660e\u3059\u308b\u6a29\u5229\u3092\u4fdd\u969c\u3057\u3001\u8868\u660e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u60f3\u3044\u3084\u9858\u3044\u304c\u76f8\u5fdc\u306b\u5c0a\u91cd\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u304c\u60f3\u3044\u3084\u9858\u3044\u3092\u8868\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5a01\u5727\u3084\u61f2\u7f70\u3092\u9632\u6b62\u3059\u308b\u30bb\u30fc\u30d5\u30ac\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u8a2d\u3051\u308b\u3088\u3046\u3001\u7763\u4fc3\u3059\u308b<\/strong>\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u304c\u8074\u304b\u308c\u308b\u6a29\u5229\u3092\u884c\u4f7f\u3067\u304d\u308b\u74b0\u5883\u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u3001\u5bb6\u65cf\u30fb\u5b66\u6821\u30fb\u4ee3\u66ff\u990a\u80b2\u30fb\u533b\u7642\u306e\u5834\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u53f8\u6cd5\u30fb\u884c\u653f\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u3001\u5730\u57df\u793e\u4f1a\u3067\u306e\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u610f\u7fa9\u3042\u308b\u53c2\u52a0\u306e\u63a8\u9032\u3092\u52e7\u544a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

E.Violence against children (arts. 19, 24 (3), 28 (2), 34, 37 (a) and 39)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

E.\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u66b4\u529b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Corporal punishment<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u4f53\u7f70<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

26. Bearing in mind its general comment No. 8 (2006) on the right of the child to protection from corporal punishment and other cruel or degrading forms of punishment, the Committee recalls its previous recommendation (CRC\/C\/JPN\/CO\/3, para. 48) and urges<\/strong> the State party to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) Explicitly and fully prohibit all corporal punishment, however light, in law, particularly in the Child Abuse Prevention Act and the Civil Code, in all settings, including in the home, in alternative care and day-care settings and in penal institutions ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) Strengthen its measures to eliminate corporal punishment in practice in all settings, including by intensifying its awareness-raising campaigns and promoting positive, non-violent and participatory forms of child-rearing and discipline.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

26. \u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u610f\u898b\u7b2c8\u53f7(\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u4f53\u7f70\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u6b8b\u8650\u306a\u307e\u305f\u306f\u54c1\u4f4d\u3092\u50b7\u3064\u3051\u308b\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u5211\u7f70\u304b\u3089\u306e\u4fdd\u8b77\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u6a29\u5229)\u53ca\u3073\u7b2c\uff13\u56de\u306e\u52e7\u544a(CRC\/C\/JPN\/CO\/3, para. 48)\u3092\u60f3\u8d77\u3057\u3001\u56fd\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u7763\u4fc3\u3059\u308b<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) \u5150\u7ae5\u8650\u5f85\u9632\u6b62\u6cd5\u3084\u6c11\u6cd5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u5185\u3084\u4ee3\u66ff\u990a\u80b2\u30fb\u4fdd\u80b2\u65bd\u8a2d\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5211\u4e8b\u65bd\u8a2d\u3092\u542b\u3080\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u5834\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4f53\u7f70\u3092\u660e\u793a\u7684\u304b\u3064\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u7981\u6b62\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u8efd\u5fae\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u540c\u69d8\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) \u5553\u767a\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30da\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u5f37\u5316\u306a\u3069\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3001\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u5834\u3067\u306e\u4f53\u7f70\u64a4\u5ec3\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u53d6\u7d44\u3092\u5f37\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u3001\u5b50\u80b2\u3066\u30fb\u898f\u5f8b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u3067\u975e\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u304b\u3064\u53c2\u52a0\u578b\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u3092\u63a8\u9032\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

F.Family environment and alternative care (arts. 5, 9\u201311, 18 (1) and (2), 20, 21, 25 and 27 (4))<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

F.\u5bb6\u5ead\u74b0\u5883\u53ca\u3073\u4ee3\u66ff\u990a\u80b2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Children deprived of a family environment<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5bb6\u5ead\u74b0\u5883\u3092\u596a\u308f\u308c\u305f\u5b50\u3069\u3082<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

29. Drawing the State party \u2019 s attention to the Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children<\/a>, the Committee urges<\/strong> the State party to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) Introduce a mandatory judicial review for determining whether a child should be removed from the family, set up clear criteria for removal of the child and ensure that children are separated from their parents as a measure of last resort only, when it is necessary for their protection and in their best interests, after hearing the child and its parents;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) Ensure the prompt and effective enforcement of the \u201c New Vision for Alternative Care and the Role of Society in Child Well-being \u201d with clear timelines, prompt deinstitutionalization of children starting with those younger than 6 years old and the establishment of fostering agencies;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) Abolish the practice of temporary custody of children in child guidance centres ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(d) Prevent, investigate and prosecute those responsible for child abuse in alternative care settings, ensure periodic independent external review of the placement of children in foster care and institutional settings, such as child guidance centres, and monitor the quality of care therein, including by providing accessible and safe channels for reporting, monitoring and remedying maltreatment of children;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(e) Redirect financial resources from institutions to family-like settings, such as foster families, and strengthen the municipal capacity to implement deinstitutionalization and simultaneously strengthen family-based arrangements, ensuring that all foster parents receive comprehensive support, adequate training and monitoring;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(f) Amend the Foster Parent Placement Guidelines to clearly instruct child guidance centres to bring cases to family court when the biological parents \u2019 decision on their children \u2019 s placement is against their children \u2019 s best interests.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

29. \u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u4ee3\u66ff\u990a\u80b2\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3092\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u559a\u8d77\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306f\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u7763\u4fc3\u3059\u308b<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) \u5b50\u3069\u3082\u3092\u5bb6\u65cf\u304b\u3089\u5f15\u304d\u96e2\u3059\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3092\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u7fa9\u52d9\u7684\u306a\u53f8\u6cd5\u5224\u65ad\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u3001\u5f15\u304d\u96e2\u3057\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u3068\u305d\u306e\u89aa\u306b\u8074\u53d6\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u4fdd\u8b77\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u304b\u3064\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u6700\u5584\u306e\u5229\u76ca\u306b\u8cc7\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306e\u307f\u3001\u6700\u5f8c\u306e\u624b\u6bb5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u89aa\u304b\u3089\u306e\u5f15\u304d\u96e2\u3057\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) \u300c\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u798f\u7949\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u4ee3\u66ff\u990a\u80b2\u30d3\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u300d\u306e\u901f\u3084\u304b\u306a\u304b\u3064\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u306a\u65bd\u884c\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u30026\u6b73\u672a\u6e80\u306e\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u304b\u3089\u59cb\u3081\u3066\u65bd\u8a2d\u30b1\u30a2\u304b\u3089\u306e\u8131\u5374\u3092\u901f\u3084\u304b\u306b\u884c\u3044\u3001\u91cc\u89aa\u6a5f\u95a2\u306e\u8a2d\u7acb\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) \u5150\u7ae5\u76f8\u8ac7\u6240\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u4eee\u4fdd\u8b77\u306e\u6163\u884c\u3092\u5ec3\u6b62\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(d) \u4ee3\u66ff\u990a\u80b2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u3078\u306e\u8650\u5f85\u306e\u9632\u6b62\u30fb\u635c\u67fb\u30fb\u8a34\u8ffd\u304a\u3088\u3073\u65bd\u8a2d\u3068\u91cc\u89aa\u30b1\u30a2\u3078\u306e\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u914d\u7f6e\u306e\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u5916\u90e8\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3068\u30b1\u30a2\u306e\u8cea\u306e\u30e2\u30cb\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3092\u5b9f\u65bd\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(e) \u8ca1\u6e90\u3092\u65bd\u8a2d\u304b\u3089\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u990a\u80b2\u3078\u3068\u79fb\u884c\u3055\u305b\u3001\u975e\u65bd\u8a2d\u30b1\u30a2\u3078\u306e\u79fb\u884c\u3068\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u990a\u80b2\u306e\u540c\u6642\u5f37\u5316\u3092\u56f3\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002\u91cc\u89aa\u3078\u306e\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u652f\u63f4\u3001\u9069\u5207\u306a\u8a13\u7df4\u3068\u30e2\u30cb\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(f) \u91cc\u89aa\u59d4\u8a17\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3092\u6539\u6b63\u3057\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u6700\u5584\u306e\u5229\u76ca\u306b\u53cd\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u5bb6\u5ead\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u3078\u306e\u7533\u7acb\u3066\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6307\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G.Disability, basic health and welfare (arts. 6, 18 (3), 23, 24, 26, 27 (1)\u2013(3) and 33)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u969c\u5bb3\u3001\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u30fb\u798f\u7949<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Reproductive and mental health<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u751f\u6b96\u4fdd\u5065\u3068\u7cbe\u795e\u4fdd\u5065<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

35. Recalling its general comments No. 4 (2003) on adolescent health and development in the context of the Convention and No. 20 (2016) on the implementation of the rights of the child during adolescence, and bearing in mind target 5.6 of the Sustainable Development Goals, the Committee urges<\/strong> the State party to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) Adopt a comprehensive sexual and reproductive health policy for adolescents and ensure that sexual and reproductive health education is consistently implemented as part of the mandatory school curriculum and targeted at adolescent girls and boys, with a special focus on preventing early pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) Improve access to quality, age-appropriate HIV\/AIDS services, and education in schools, improve access to and coverage of antiretroviral therapy and prophylaxis for HIV-infected pregnant girls and provide adequate support to the AIDS Clinical Centre and its 14 regional core hospitals;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) Consider decriminalizing abortion in all circumstances and increase access to safe abortion and post-abortion care services for adolescent girls ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(d) Address the emotional and psychological well-being of children and adolescents through a multidisciplinary approach, including analysis of root causes, awareness-raising and increasing the number of specialists;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(e) Ensure that diagnoses of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are thoroughly examined, that prescription of drugs are used as a measure of last resort and only after an individualized assessment and that children and their parents are properly informed about the possible side effects of such treatment and non-medical alternatives, and conduct a study on the root causes of the increase in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnoses and psychostimulant drug prescriptions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

35. \u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u610f\u898b\u7b2c4\u53f7(\u6761\u7d04\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u601d\u6625\u671f\u306e\u5065\u5eb7\u3068\u767a\u9054)\u53ca\u3073\u7b2c20\u53f7(\u601d\u6625\u671f\u306e\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u306e\u5b9f\u65bd)\u3092\u60f3\u8d77\u3057\u3001\u6301\u7d9a\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u958b\u767a\u76ee\u6a19\u306e\u30bf\u30fc\u30b2\u30c3\u30c85.6\u3092\u5ff5\u982d\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u3064\u3064\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u7763\u4fc3\u3059\u308b<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) \u601d\u6625\u671f\u306e\u7537\u5973\u3092\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u305f\u7dcf\u5408\u7684\u306a\u6027\u3068\u751f\u6b96\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u5065\u5eb7\u653f\u7b56\u3092\u63a1\u629e\u3057\u3001\u7fa9\u52d9\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u4e00\u74b0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u3068\u751f\u6b96\u4fdd\u5065\u6559\u80b2\u304c\u7d99\u7d9a\u7684\u306b\u5b9f\u65bd\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u598a\u5a20\u3068\u6027\u611f\u67d3\u75c7\u306e\u4e88\u9632\u306b\u7279\u306b\u529b\u3092\u5165\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) \u30a8\u30a4\u30ba\u6cbb\u7642\u7814\u7a76\u4f1a\u3068\u305d\u306e14\u306e\u5730\u57df\u4e2d\u6838\u75c5\u9662\u3078\u306e\u5145\u5206\u306a\u652f\u63f4\u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u3092\u542b\u3081\u3001HIV\/\u30a8\u30a4\u30ba\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u9069\u5207\u306a\u5e74\u9f62\u306e\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u3068\u60c5\u5831\u3078\u306e\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u6539\u5584\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) \u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u72b6\u6cc1\u4e0b\u3067\u306e\u4e2d\u7d76\u306e\u975e\u72af\u7f6a\u5316\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u3001\u601d\u6625\u671f\u306e\u5c11\u5973\u306e\u5b89\u5168\u306a\u4e2d\u7d76\u3084\u4e2d\u7d76\u5f8c\u306e\u533b\u7642\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u3078\u306e\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u5411\u4e0a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(d) \u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u306e\u5206\u6790\u3001\u5553\u767a\u3001\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u306e\u5897\u54e1\u306a\u3069\u591a\u89d2\u7684\u30a2\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u3067\u3001\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u3068\u601d\u6625\u671f\u306e\u7cbe\u795e\u4fdd\u5065\u306e\u5411\u4e0a\u306b\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u3080\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(e) ADHD\u3068\u8a3a\u65ad\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001\u51e6\u65b9\u85ac\u3092\u6700\u5f8c\u306e\u624b\u6bb5\u3068\u3057\u3001\u500b\u5225\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u4e0a\u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u3001\u60a3\u8005\u3068\u305d\u306e\u89aa\u3078\u306e\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3068\u975e\u85ac\u7269\u7642\u6cd5\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u8aac\u660e\u3092\u9069\u5207\u306b\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3002ADHD\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u539f\u56e0\u306e\u8abf\u67fb\u3068\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u5bfe\u7b56\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I.Special protection measures (arts. 22, 30, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37 (b)\u2013(d) and 38\u201340)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u7279\u5225\u306e\u4fdd\u8b77<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Administration of juvenile justice<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5c11\u5e74\u53f8\u6cd5\u306e\u904b\u55b6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

45. The Committee urges<\/strong> the State party to bring its juvenile justice system fully into line with the Convention and other relevant standards. In particular, the Committee recalls its previous concluding observations (CRC\/C\/JPN\/CO\/3, para. 85) and urges the State party to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) Study the root causes of child offending and urgently implement preventive measures ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) Study child offending trends since 2000 to inform a reconsideration of shifting the \u201c minimum age for criminal punishment \u201d back to 16 years of age ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) Ensure the provision of qualified and independent legal aid to children in conflict with the law at an early stage of the procedure and throughout the legal proceedings ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(d) Ensure that no child is tried by adult criminal courts, increase the use of non-judicial measures in the case of children accused of criminal offences, such as diversion, probation, mediation, counselling or community service, and, whenever possible, use non-custodial sentences;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(e) Ensure that pretrial and post-trial deprivation of liberty are used as a measure of last resort and for the shortest possible period of time and that such deprivation of liberty is reviewed on a regular basis with a view to its withdrawal, in particular:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(i) Review the designation of children as \u201c likely to commit crime \u201d and end the detention of such children;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(ii) Reconsider the use of life imprisonment and indeterminate sentences for crimes committed by children and apply the specialized parole system to ensure that detention is used for the shortest appropriate period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

45. \u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306f\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u5c11\u5e74\u53f8\u6cd5\u5236\u5ea6\u3092\u6761\u7d04\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u95a2\u9023\u57fa\u6e96\u306b\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u7b26\u5408\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7763\u4fc3\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7279\u306b\u3001\u7b2c\uff13\u56de\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u6240\u898b(CRC\/C\/JPN\/CO\/3\u3001\u30d1\u30e985) \u3092\u60f3\u8d77\u3057\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u7763\u4fc3\u3059\u308b<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) \u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u975e\u884c\u306e\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u3068\u4e88\u9632\u7b56\u306e\u7dca\u6025\u306e\u5b9f\u65bd\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) 2000\u5e74\u4ee5\u964d\u306e\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u975e\u884c\u50be\u5411\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u3092\u884c\u3044\u3001\u5211\u4e8b\u8cac\u4efb\u5e74\u9f62\u309216\u6b73\u306b\u623b\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3092\u518d\u8003\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u57fa\u790e\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) \u5b50\u3069\u3082\u304c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u306e\u7d1b\u4e89\u306b\u5dfb\u304d\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u306e\u521d\u671f\u6bb5\u968e\u304b\u3089\u3001\u9069\u683c\u3067\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u6cd5\u7684\u63f4\u52a9\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(d) \u6210\u4eba\u306e\u5211\u4e8b\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u3067\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u304c\u88c1\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3001\u66f4\u751f\u3084\u4fdd\u8b77\u89b3\u5bdf\u306a\u3069\u306e\u53f8\u6cd5\u5916\u63aa\u7f6e\u3092\u62e1\u5927\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u3001\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u9650\u308a\u975e\u62d8\u675f\u5211\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(e) \u52fe\u7559\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u5265\u596a\u304c\u6700\u5f8c\u306e\u624b\u6bb5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6700\u77ed\u671f\u9593\u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3001\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u306b\u898b\u76f4\u3055\u308c\u3066\u65e9\u671f\u89e3\u6d88\u3092\u56f3\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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